Thermodynamics Research Center / ThermoML | Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data

The Solubility of Benzocaine, Lidocaine, and Procaine in Liquid and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Weinstein, R. D.[Randy D.], Muske, K. R.[Kenneth R.], Moriarty, J.[Jeffrey], Schmidt, E. K.[Emily K.]
J. Chem. Eng. Data 2004, 49, 3, 547-552
ABSTRACT
The solubility of three local anesthetics (benzocaine, lidocaine, and procaine) was measured in liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide at (298, 308, and 318) K and at pressures between (70 and 280) bar. The solubilites were experimentally measured by observing the cloud point using a variable-volume stirred vessel with visual access. Interestingly, although the three anesthetics were structurally very similar, the solubilites of lidocaine and benzocaine were strong functions of only density while that of procaine was a function of both density and temperature. The Peng-Robinson equation of state did not adequately predict the solubilites, while a simple enhancement factor correlation did predict them. The hydrochlorides of lidocaine and procaine did not have any measurable solubility in carbon dioxide over the conditions tested.
Compounds
# Formula Name
1 CO2 carbon dioxide
2 C14H22N2O 2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetamide
3 C9H11NO2 ethyl 4-aminobenzoate
4 C13H20N2O2 benzoic acid, p-amino-, 2-(diethylamino) ethyl ester
5 C16H14O3 ketoprofen
Datasets
The table above is generated from the ThermoML associated json file (link above). POMD and RXND refer to PureOrMixture and Reaction Datasets. The compound numbers are included in properties, variables, and phases, if specificied; the numbers refer to the table of compounds on the left.
Type Compound-# Property Variable Constraint Phase Method #Points
  • POMD
  • 4
  • 1
  • Mole fraction - 4 ; Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Temperature, K; Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Pressure, kPa; Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Crystal - 4
  • OTHER
  • 28
  • POMD
  • 1
  • 2
  • Mole fraction - 2 ; Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Temperature, K; Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Pressure, kPa; Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Crystal - 2
  • OTHER
  • 33
  • POMD
  • 3
  • 1
  • Mole fraction - 3 ; Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Temperature, K; Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Pressure, kPa; Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Crystal - 3
  • OTHER
  • 29
  • POMD
  • 1
  • 5
  • Mole fraction - 5 ; Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Pressure, kPa; Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Temperature, K; Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Fluid (supercritical or subcritical phases)
  • Crystal - 5
  • OTHER
  • 13