Thermodynamics Research Center / ThermoML | Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data

Equilibrium Study on the Extraction of Levulinic Acid from Aqueous Solution with Aliquat 336 Dissolved in Different Diluents: Solvent s Polarity Effect and Column Design

Datta, D.[Dipaloy], Marti, M. E.[Mustafa Esen], Singh, D. P.[Dharm Pal], Kumar, S.[Sushil]
J. Chem. Eng. Data 2017, 62, 1, 3-10
ABSTRACT
In the present study, reactive extraction of levulinic acid (4-oxopentanoic acid) was investigated by using Aliquat 336 in various organic solvents [benzene, dichloromethane (DCM), dodecane, methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), 1-octanol] from dilute aqueous solution. Equilibrium data obtained at 298 K were used to determine the values of distribution coefficient (KD), degree of extraction (E%), loading factor (Z) and complexation constants (KE). Among the diluents tested, DCM gave the highest extraction efficiency. Using 0.653 mol.kg-1 of Aliquat 336 in DCM, KD and E% were obtained as 2.15 and 68.26%, respectively at 0.288 mol*kg-1 initial acid concentration in the aqueous solution. Z values were found to be between 0.044 and 1.522 depending on the nature of the diluent used, and Aliquat 336 concentration in the organic phase. Using mass action law modeling, the stoichiometry of the extraction reaction was determined. It was observed that mostly 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 types of complexes were formed. The results inferred that the polarity and the molecular size of the solvent were the important critical factors which decide the solubilization of the solvates in the organic phase. DCM was found to be the most appropriate solvent among tested ones for the reactive extraction of levulinic acid. The feasibility of the extraction process was also assessed by calculating minimum solvent to feed ratio and number of theoretical stages required for the recovery of levulinic acid in the extraction column.
Compounds
# Formula Name
1 C5H8O3 4-oxopentanoic acid
2 C12H26 dodecane
3 CH2Cl2 dichloromethane
4 C6H12O 4-methylpentan-2-one
5 C6H6 benzene
6 C8H18O octan-1-ol
7 H2O water
Datasets
The table above is generated from the ThermoML associated json file (link above). POMD and RXND refer to PureOrMixture and Reaction Datasets. The compound numbers are included in properties, variables, and phases, if specificied; the numbers refer to the table of compounds on the left.
Type Compound-# Property Variable Constraint Phase Method #Points
  • POMD
  • 2
  • 1
  • 7
  • Molality, mol/kg - 1 ; Liquid mixture 1
  • Molality, mol/kg - 1; Liquid mixture 2
  • Temperature, K; Liquid mixture 1
  • Pressure, kPa; Liquid mixture 1
  • Liquid mixture 1
  • Liquid mixture 2
  • titration
  • 5
  • POMD
  • 5
  • 1
  • 7
  • Molality, mol/kg - 1 ; Liquid mixture 1
  • Molality, mol/kg - 1; Liquid mixture 2
  • Temperature, K; Liquid mixture 1
  • Pressure, kPa; Liquid mixture 1
  • Liquid mixture 1
  • Liquid mixture 2
  • titration
  • 5
  • POMD
  • 6
  • 1
  • 7
  • Molality, mol/kg - 1 ; Liquid mixture 1
  • Molality, mol/kg - 1; Liquid mixture 2
  • Temperature, K; Liquid mixture 1
  • Pressure, kPa; Liquid mixture 1
  • Liquid mixture 1
  • Liquid mixture 2
  • titration
  • 5
  • POMD
  • 4
  • 1
  • 7
  • Molality, mol/kg - 1 ; Liquid mixture 1
  • Molality, mol/kg - 1; Liquid mixture 2
  • Temperature, K; Liquid mixture 1
  • Pressure, kPa; Liquid mixture 1
  • Liquid mixture 1
  • Liquid mixture 2
  • titration
  • 5
  • POMD
  • 3
  • 1
  • 7
  • Molality, mol/kg - 1 ; Liquid mixture 1
  • Molality, mol/kg - 1; Liquid mixture 2
  • Temperature, K; Liquid mixture 1
  • Pressure, kPa; Liquid mixture 1
  • Liquid mixture 1
  • Liquid mixture 2
  • titration
  • 5