ABSTRACT

Lactam based ionic liquids were synthesized by an atom economization process between a lactam such as caprolactam or butyrolactam with a Bronsted acid such as formic acid, acetic acid or hexanoic acid. The density, speed of sound and viscosity were measured at atmospheric pressure and as a function of temperature from T = (293.15 to 333.15) K. The experimental density and viscosity values were fitted with linear and Vogel Tamman Fulcher (VTF) equations, respectively and found to be fitting well within the experimental error. Thermodynamically important derived properties such as the coefficient of thermal expansion (a) and isentropic compressibility (bs) were calculated from the experimental density and speed of sound values. Lattice potential energy (UPOT) has been calculated to understand the strength of ionic interaction between the ions and the standard entropy (So) has been estimated to assess the disorder within the fluids. The remarkably low values of viscosity of ionic liquids studied are discussed on the basis of activation energy estimated from the Arrhenius equation. Furthermore, the effect of alkyl chain length on the anion, geometry of the cation and temperature has been analysed for the properties studied.

Compounds

#	Formula	Name
1	C5H9NO3	.gamma.-butyrolactam formate
2	C6H11NO3	.gamma.-butyrolactam acetate
3	C10H19NO3	.gamma.-butyrolactam hexanoate
4	C7H13NO3	.epsilon.-caprolactam formate
5	C8H15NO3	.epsilon.-caprolactam acetate
6	C12H23NO3	.epsilon.-caprolactam hexanoate

Datasets

The table above is generated from the ThermoML associated json file (link above). POMD and RXND refer to PureOrMixture and Reaction Datasets. The compound numbers are included in properties, variables, and phases, if specificied; the numbers refer to the table of compounds on the left.
Type	Compound-#	Property	Variable	Constraint	Phase	Method	#Points
POMD	1	Mass density, kg/m3 ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Vibrating tube method	9
POMD	1	Viscosity, Pa*s ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Falling or rolling sphere viscometry	9
POMD	1	Speed of sound, m/s ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Sing-around technique in a fixed-path interferometer	9
POMD	2	Mass density, kg/m3 ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Vibrating tube method	9
POMD	2	Viscosity, Pa*s ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Falling or rolling sphere viscometry	9
POMD	2	Speed of sound, m/s ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Sing-around technique in a fixed-path interferometer	9
POMD	3	Mass density, kg/m3 ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Vibrating tube method	9
POMD	3	Viscosity, Pa*s ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Falling or rolling sphere viscometry	9
POMD	3	Speed of sound, m/s ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Sing-around technique in a fixed-path interferometer	9
POMD	4	Mass density, kg/m3 ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Vibrating tube method	9
POMD	4	Viscosity, Pa*s ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Falling or rolling sphere viscometry	9
POMD	4	Speed of sound, m/s ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Sing-around technique in a fixed-path interferometer	9
POMD	5	Mass density, kg/m3 ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Vibrating tube method	9
POMD	5	Viscosity, Pa*s ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Falling or rolling sphere viscometry	9
POMD	5	Speed of sound, m/s ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Sing-around technique in a fixed-path interferometer	9
POMD	6	Mass density, kg/m3 ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Vibrating tube method	9
POMD	6	Viscosity, Pa*s ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Falling or rolling sphere viscometry	9
POMD	6	Speed of sound, m/s ; Liquid	Temperature, K; Liquid	Pressure, kPa; Liquid	Liquid	Sing-around technique in a fixed-path interferometer	9

Thermodynamics Research Center / ThermoML | Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics

Physicochemical properties of low viscous lactam based ionic liquids

Chhotaray, P. K.[Pratap K.], Jella, S.[Shankar], Gardas, R. L.[Ramesh L.]

ABSTRACT